Anti-Beclin 1 Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (KO Validated) for WB and ELISA - Q14457

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: Beclin 1 Function and Localization

• Beclin-1 plays a central role in autophagy as a core subunit of the class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) complex, mediating formation of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate; distinct complex forms (PI3KC3-C1 and PI3KC3-C2) drive autophagosome initiation and maturation, respectively (PubMed:18570871, PubMed:21358617, PubMed:23184933).
  Related references: PMID:18570871 PMID:21358617 PMID:23184933

• It is also involved in degradative endocytic trafficking, endocytosis, and the abscission step of cytokinesis, likely in the context of PI3KC3-C2 (PubMed:20208530, PubMed:20643123, PubMed:23974797, PubMed:25275521).
  Related references: PMID:20208530 PMID:20643123 PMID:23974797 PMID:25275521

• Beclin-1 localizes broadly to the cytoplasm, Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network membrane, endosome membrane, endoplasmic reticulum membrane, mitochondrial membrane, autophagosomes, and the nucleus, consistent with its diverse trafficking and signaling functions.

• A C-terminal 35 kDa fragment (Beclin-1-C) specifically localizes to mitochondria, where it can promote apoptosis by inducing BAX translocation and the release of pro-apoptotic factors.

• It contributes to antiviral host defense; for instance, it protects against infection by a neurovirulent strain of Sindbis virus.

• Expression of Beclin-1 is ubiquitous, highlighting its fundamental role in cellular homeostasis.

• The protein is subject to multiple post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination (as indicated by Keywords: Phosphoprotein, Acetylation, Ubl conjugation, Isopeptide bond), modulating its activity in autophagy and apoptosis.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen spans the N-terminal 280 amino acids, covering critical functional domains; this design may enable detection of both full-length Beclin-1 (~52 kDa) and the 35 kDa mitochondrial isoform in some contexts.
• For Western blotting, consider using whole-cell lysates from human, mouse, or rat cells. While the predicted molecular weight is 52 kDa, the band may appear near 60 kDa due to post-translational modifications; validate with knockout controls where available.
• In ELISA applications, the antibody can be used for direct or capture ELISA; optimal working dilutions should be determined empirically with the relevant sample matrix.
• Since Beclin-1 expression can be induced by autophagy stimuli, including positive controls (e.g., cells treated with starvation or rapamycin) may aid assay validation.

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