Anti-ATOX1 Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody for WB, ELISA - O00244

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: ATOX1 Function and Localization

• ATOX1, also known as HAH1 or ATX1, is a copper transport protein that binds and delivers cytosolic copper to copper ATPase proteins, playing a critical role in intracellular copper homeostasis and distribution.
• It functions as a copper chaperone, facilitating the safe transfer of copper ions to target proteins, thereby preventing copper toxicity while ensuring sufficient supply for enzymatic processes.
• ATOX1 may contribute to cellular antioxidant defense mechanisms, potentially by modulating the activity of copper-dependent antioxidant enzymes.
• The protein is ubiquitously expressed across human tissues, indicating a fundamental role in copper metabolism in various cell types.
• Post-translational modifications include acetylation and phosphorylation, which may regulate its activity, localization, or interaction with partners.
• Its molecular weight is approximately 7 kDa (74 amino acids, 7402 Da), and its three-dimensional structure has been resolved, revealing key residues involved in copper binding and transfer.
• As part of the copper transport pathway, ATOX1 directly interacts with the N-terminal metal-binding domains of copper-transporting ATPases (ATP7A and ATP7B), essential for copper efflux.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen corresponds to amino acids 1-68 of human ATOX1, which encompasses the copper-binding domain. When assessing cross-reactivity with other species or isoforms, check sequence conservation in this region.
• For Western blotting, the expected band size is approximately 7 kDa. Use high-concentration gels (e.g., 15% or gradient gels) and short transfer times to avoid losing small proteins. Include a prestained low-range protein marker.
• In ELISA applications, ensure the coating antigen contains the immunogen sequence to maximize detection sensitivity. Consider using recombinant ATOX1 or the immunogen peptide as a positive control.
• Verify antibody specificity in your model system by using siRNA knockdown, CRISPR knockout, or overexpression lysates, as non-specific bands may appear in some cell types.
• Human ATOX1 is ubiquitously expressed, so common cell lines (e.g., HeLa, HEK293T) can serve as positive controls. For tissue samples, liver and kidney typically show moderate expression.
• The antibody is confirmed to react with human ATOX1. Cross-reactivity with mouse or rat ATOX1 has not been tested; align the immunogen sequence with orthologs if multi-species detection is required.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio offers comprehensive one-stop sourcing of IVD raw materials, technical services, and consulting, supporting diagnostic manufacturers and research institutions from concept to clinic. This anti-ATOX1 antibody serves investigations into copper transport and antioxidant biology. Beyond this product, CamelBio can supply validated antibody pairs, optimized monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies, bulk ancillary reagents, and assist with rare-target raw-material procurement.