Anti-ATG4D Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody for WB, IF/ICC, ELISA - Q86TL0

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: ATG4D Function and Localization

• ATG4D is a cysteine protease that plays a key role in autophagy by mediating both proteolytic activation and delipidation of ATG8 family proteins. It cleaves the C-terminal amino acid of MAP1LC3 and GABARAPL2 to expose a glycine residue essential for conjugation to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and membrane insertion. Related references: PMID:21177865
• In addition to proteolytic activation, ATG4D catalyzes delipidation of PE-conjugated ATG8 proteins during macroautophagy and of phosphatidylserine (PS)-conjugated ATG8 proteins in non-canonical autophagy, acting as the major delipidation enzyme among ATG4 family members. Related references: PMID:29458288, PMID:33909989
• ATG4D is involved in phagophore growth during mitophagy independently of its protease activity, by regulating ATG9A trafficking to mitochondria and promoting phagophore-endoplasmic reticulum contacts during lipid transfer. Related references: PMID:33773106
• The protein acts as an autophagy regulator linking mitochondrial dysfunction with apoptosis; its mitochondrial import during cellular stress and differentiation influences mitochondrial physiology, ROS levels, mitophagy, and cell viability.
• Subcellularly, ATG4D localizes to the cytoplasm and the mitochondrial matrix, consistent with its dual roles in autophagy and mitochondrial regulation.
• It is widely expressed, with notable expression in the testis, and undergoes alternative splicing. Post-translational modifications include phosphorylation.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen corresponds to the N-terminal region (amino acids 1-230) of human ATG4D. When working with samples, consider that this region may be conserved across isoforms or species, and validate band patterns accordingly.
• For western blotting (WB), the predicted molecular weight is approximately 53 kDa, but endogenous ATG4D may undergo proteolytic processing or modification; validate band sizes using appropriate positive controls and lysates from human or mouse cells.
• In immunofluorescence/immunocytochemistry (IF/ICC), evaluate cytoplasmic and mitochondrial staining patterns. Optimization of fixation and permeabilization conditions may be required to detect mitochondrial-localized ATG4D.
• For ELISA applications, the antibody can be used for detection of recombinant or endogenous ATG4D; establish standard curves with known antigen concentrations and consider cross-reactivity with related ATG4 family members if multiplexing.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio provides diagnostic manufacturers, labs, and research institutes with one-stop access to IVD raw materials, technical services, and consulting, covering every stage from concept to clinic. Our portfolio includes validated antibody pairs, optimized monoclonal/polyclonal antibodies like this ATG4D pAb, bulk ancillary reagents, and rare target raw-material sourcing. Researchers focusing on autophagy and mitochondrial pathways can rely on CamelBio for comprehensive procurement support and reliable supply.